Part  A

　　Directions: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet 1(40 points)

　　Text 1

　　Within a large concrete room, cut out of a mountain on a freezing-told island just 1,000 kilometers from the North Pole, could lie the future of humanity.

　　The room is a vault (地下库) designed to hold around 2 million seeds, representing all known varieties of the world's crops. It is being built to safeguard the world's food supply against nuclear war, climate change, terrorism, rising sea levels, earthquakes and the collapse of electricity supplies. "If the worst came to the worst, this would allow the world to reconstruct agriculture on this planet." says Cary Fowler, director of the Global Crop Diversity Trust, an independent international organization promoting the project.

　　The Norwegian (挪威的) government is planning to create the seed bank next year at the request of crop scientists. The ＄3 million vault will be built deep inside a sandstone mountain on the Norwegian Arctic island of Spitsbergen. The vault will have metre-thick walls of reinforced concrete and will be protected behind two airlocks and high-security doors.

　　The vault's seed collection will represent the products of some 10,000 years of plant breeding by the world's famers. Though most are no longer widely planted, the varieties contain vital genetic properties still regularly used in plant breeding.

　　To survive, the seeds need freezing temperatures. Operators plan to replace the air inside the

　　vault each winter, when temperatures in Spitsbergen are around -18℃. But even if some disaster meant that the vault was abandoned, the permanently frozen soil would keep the seeds alive. And even accelerated global warming would take many decades to penetrate the mountain vault.

　　"This will be the world's most secure gene bank," says Fowler. "But its seeds will only be used when all other samples have gone for some reason."

　　The project comes at a time when there is growing concern about the safety of existing seed banks around the world. Many have been criticized for poor security, ageing refrigeration (冷藏) systems and vulnerable electricity supplies.

　　The scheme won UN approval at a meeting of the Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome in October 2005. A feasibility study said the facility "would essentially be built to last forever".

　　21. The Norwegian vault in important in that _________________.

　　A.  the seeds in it represent the rarest varieties of world's crops.

　　B.  the seeds in it could revive agriculture if the worst thing should happen

　　C.  it is built deep in a mountain on a freezing-cold Arctic island

　　D.  it is strong enough against all disasters caused by man and nature

　　22.  The seed bank project was proposed by __________.

　　A.  the Norwegian government    B.  Norwegian farmers

　　C.  Spitsbergen residents     D.  agricultural scientists

　　23.  The seeds in the vault will be stored ____________________.

　　A.  as samples of world crop varieties

　　B.  as products of world plant breeding

　　C.  for their valuable genetic properties

　　D.  for their resistance to plant diseases

　　24.  For the seed bank project to be successful, the most important factor is probably________.

　　A.  constructing tight airlocks   B.  maintaining high security

　　C.  keeping freezing temperatures  D.  storing large quantities of seeds

　　25. Which of the following statements is true?

　　A. The Norwegian vault models after existing seed banks

　　B. The Spitsbergen seed bank is expected to last 10,000 years

　　C. The existing seed banks have potential problems

　　D. The UN financed the Spitsbergen seed bank