I found the parade quite interesting to watch.

　　这种用法通常用在下列几类动词中，后接宾语然后加上-ing分词，构成复合宾语结构，动名词充当宾补成分。

　　表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如：see, hear, feel, find, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe等。如：

　　There we found him watching TV.

　　我们发现他在那儿看电视。

　　I heard someone knocking at the door.

　　我听见有人在敲门。

　　感官动词 + doing/to do

　　感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do　 表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性

　　I saw him work in the garden yesterday.

　　昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)

　　I saw him working in the garden yesterday.

　　(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)昨天我见他正在花园里干活。

　　典型例题

　　1) They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.

　　A. grow　 B. grew　 C. was growing　 D. to grow

　　答案：A. 因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此强调的是成长的过程，而非正在长的动作，因此用see sb do sth.的句型。

　　2) The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.

　　A. playing　 B. to be playing

　　C. play　　D. to play

　　答案：A. 本题强调其动作，正在河边玩，应此用see sb. doing sth句型。

　　在有些动词(如：regard, describe, accept, think of, quote等)之后，可由as引出-ing分词词组作宾补。如：

　　They regarded the contract as being invalid.

　　他们认为合同无效。

　　They described the child as being very clever.

　　他们描述这孩子非常聪明。

　　使役动词，如：set, keep, have, get, leave, catch等。如：

　　Can you get my watch going again?

　　你能使我的表再走起来吗？

　　This sets me thinking.

　　这使我思考。

　　5、动名词作状语

　　动名词作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作，它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。动名词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。

　　Having cleaned the rooms we began to weed the garden. (时间)

　　打扫完房间，我们开始在花园里除草。

　　Coming into the room, she saw everybody already at their work. (时间)

　　进屋以后，她看到人人都在工作。

　　Being ill, he couldn't go to school. (原因)

　　因为生病，他不能去上学。

　　Having no interest in the topic, he didn't go to the lecture. (原因)

　　由于对这个话题没有兴趣，他没去参加讲座。

　　Working diligently, you will certainly succeed. (条件)

　　只要刻苦学习，你会成功的。

　　Using atomic energy, we can build spaceships. (条件)

　　利用原子能，我们能够建造太空船。

　　Granting the achievements to be great, there is still something to be desired. (让步)

　　(尽管)成绩是巨大的，(但)仍有一些要求改进的东西。

　　My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. (结果)

　　我的车被交通拥挤堵住，所以延误了。

　　Traveling by train, we visited a number of cities. (方式)

　　我们坐火车访问了好多城市。

　　Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book. (伴随)

　　玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁，正在读一本书。

　　6、动名词作定语

　　动名词作定语时和形容词的功能是相似的。动名词可以单独作定语，如：

　　a smiling face 笑脸

　　a leading figure 领导人物

　　动名词还能构成合成词作定语，如：

　　easy-going man

　　好说话的人

　　swimming pool 游泳池

　　sleeping-pill 安眠药片

　　dining-car 餐车

　　当分词短语做后置定语时，可以转换成定语从句。

　　She went on board the train leaving for Shanghai.

　　= She went on board the train, which was leaving for Shanghai.

　　她乘坐了去上海的火车。

　　There are two roads before us, one leading to the beach, the other to the park.

　　= There are two roads before us, one which leads to the beach, the other to the park.

　　在我们面前有两条路，一条通向沙滩，另一条通向公园。

　　2）动名词的时态/语态

　　时态/语态　　　  主动　              被动　　　        　　　　　　　　　　　一般式　　       doing　　　being done

　　完成式　having done　　having been done

　　1. ____ his things, he hurried to the station.

　　A. Having packed up   B. Packed up

　　C. Packing up    D. Being packed up

　　2. ______ on the road, the driver stopped the car.

　　A. Seen a bomb

　　B. To see a bomb

　　C. Seeing a bomb

　　D. After being seen a bomb

　　A C

　　1) Mark often attempts to escape ____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

　　A) having been fined   B) to have been fined

　　C) to be fined    D) being fined

　　2) My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate ____ from you sometime.

　　A) to have heard   B) to hear

　　C) for hearing    D) hearing

　　3) The thief took away the woman's wallet without____.

　　A) being seen    B) seeing

　　C) him seeing    D) seeing him

　　4) People appreciate ____with him because he has a good sense of humor.

　　A) to work    B) to have worked

　　C) working    D) have working

　　5) I've enjoyed ____ to talk with you.

　　A) to be able    B) being able

　　C) to been able    D) of being able

　　1)D 2)D 3)A 4)C 5)B

　　6) No one can avoid ____ by advertisements.

　　A) to be influenced   B) being influenced

　　C) influencing    D) having influence

　　7) They are considering ____ before the prices go up.

　　A) of buying the house   B) with buying the house

　　C) buying the house   D) to buy the house

　　8) He thought that ____.

　　A) the effort doing the job was not worth

　　B) the effort was not worth in doing the job

　　C) it was not worth the effort doing the job

　　D) it was not worth the effort by doing the job

　　9) If I had remembered ____ the door, the things would not have been stolen.

　　A) to lock    B) locking

　　C) to have locked   D) having locked

　　10) Your shirt needs ____. You'd better have it done today.

　　A) iron   B) to iron  C) ironing  D) being ironed

　　6)B 7)C 8)C 9)A 10)C

　　11) You can't help ____ commercials; every few minutes the program is interrupted to give you one advertisement or another.

　　A) to hear    B) to be heard

　　C) hearing    D) with hearing

　　12) My transistor radio isn't working. It ____.

　　A) need repairing   B) needs to repair

　　C) needs repairing   D) need to be repaired

　　13) It is no use ____ me not to worry.

　　A) you tell    B) your telling

　　C) for you to have told   D) having told

　　14) He is very busy ____ his papers. He is far too busy ____ callers.

　　A) to write...to receive   B) writing...to receive

　　C) writing...receiving   D) to write...for receiving

　　11)C 12)C 13)B 14)B

　　15)The suspect at last admitted ____ stolen goods but denied ____ them.

　　A) receiving...selling   B) to receive...to sell

　　C) to receiving...to selling  D) to have received...to have sold

　　16)I really appreciate ____ to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself.

　　A) you to offer    B) that you offer

　　C) your offering    D) that you are offering

　　17) Please stop ____, boys, I have something important to ____ you.

　　A) saying ...talk    B) telling ... say

　　C) talking ...speak    D) talking ... tell

　　18) Tony, would you go and see if Sam has any difficulty ____ his tape recorder?

　　A) to fix     B) fixing

　　C) for fixing     D) fix

　　15) A 16)C 17)D 18)B

　　19)  -- Why were you late?

　　-- I had a hard time ____ up this morning."

　　A) to get   B) get          C) got              D) getting

　　20)I remember ____ to help us if we ever got into  trouble.

　　A) once offering   B) him once offering

　　C) him to offer   D) to offer him

　　21)John regretted ____ to the meeting last week.

　　A) not going    B) not to go

　　C) not having been going  D) not to be going

　　22) It is difficult to get used ____ in a tent after having a soft, comfortable bed to lie on.

　　A) sleep       B) to sleeping    C) slept        D) to sleep

　　23) Prior to ____ the formal speech, first he will introduce himself.

　　A) delivering    B) deliver

　　C) being delivering   D) being delivered

　　19)D 20)B 21)A 22)B 23)A       prior to在前, 居先