Beginning writers should read many kinds of writing encountered every day and pay special attention to what they find most interesting . News items, feature stories , textbooks, cookbooks, repair manuals, poems, essays, short stories, novels, and plays differ in their methods of organizing and presenting material. A beginning writer who reads widely and carefully will develop an appreciation of different writing approaches and styles. In time, the writer can acquire a more flexible approach to his or her own work.
Successful authors write about subjects they know and understand. They sometimes take weeks or months revising or refining an article , poem, or story. Beginning writers usually benefit from finding one or more friendly critics who will read their work and discuss its strengths and weaknesses with them.
High schools and colleges offer many learning opportunities for young writers. Composition and literature courses can be helpful. Creative writing and journlism courses may further assist a beginning writer in developing his or her skills. Many students work on literary magazines, newspapers, or yearbooks published by their schools. They may write stories, edit articles, or gain other valuable experience.
31. How important is writing according to this passage?
A.   People benefit a lot from writing.
B.   We are entertained with different writings.
C.   Writing can influence the world.
D.   Books can be an important part of an industry.
32. What does a journal NOT help to contribute?
A. Service.              B. Information.
C. Observations.          D. Ideas.
33. What should a beginning writer do to enjoy different writing styles?
A.   He or she should read as much of writing as possible.
B.   He or she should study different writing methods.
C.   He or she should learn the ways to present materials.
D.   He or she should carefully read as many kinds of writing as possible
34. Which of the following should a beginning writer avoid in order to improve his or her writing?
A.   Developing new subjects.          B. Finding helpful critics
C. Attending writing courses          D. Doing editing work
35. Whom do you think this passage is most probably addressed to?
A. Most writers                    B. Successful writers.
C. Beginning writers.                D. College students.

Passage Two
Tracking down cybercriminals who steal credit card numbers, transfer money from other people’s accounts, or e-mail viruses around the world takes a knowledge of the technology used to  commit the crimes. Intead of using fingerprints or following suspects, government agents painstakingly sort out the mess of number and symbols and letters that can lead them back through the computer system to the cybercriminals.
One such investigation led to the arrest of the man accused of sending the extremely dangerous Melissa virus, a computer virus that destroyed files in computers around the world in the spring of 1999. The agents received help from online service technicians, software experts, and a computer-science student. All helped to trace the complex pathways of the virus back to the telephone line and computer of the man who released it.
In another case, agents worked for two years to catch a cybercriminal who was, among other offenses, stealing credit card numbers. Agents found him by tracing a path from a computer he broke into to the mobile telephone he had used, which led to his address—and arrest.
The gobernment agents are also working to block cybercriminals who could cut off power and confuse telephone companies.”Think of the consequences if  the power went out for a week—not in just one town or city but down the whole Eat Coast,” says Michael Vatis, an FBI agent. From TVs to hospital equipment, all would fail.

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