重难点解析
例1 Look, they ______ games over there.
A. play B. is play C. is playing D. are playing
分析与解答:动词look位于句首且单独使用时,表示看"正在进行的某一动作",因此,时态应该用现在进行时,句中主语为复数,故选D。
注意:(1) listen单独用于句首时,句中的动词也可使用现在进行时。(2) now也是现在进行时连用的标志词。
例2 We are doing _____.
A. our homework B. our homeworks C. her homework D. his homework
分析与解答:do one's homework是一固定短语,意思是"做作业"。注意:one's要与句中的主语保持一致,homework是不可数名词,无复数形式。因此本题答案是A。
例3 找出句中的错误并改正。
Mrs. King's daughter is lost. She is finding her.
分析与解答:look for和find都有"找"的意思。但look for强调"找"的过程;而find强调"找"的结果,译为"找到"。答案是将finding改为looking for。
例4 正误例析
同学们在听老师讲课。
误:The class is listening to the teacher.
正:The class are listening to the teacher.
解析 class指"同学们"时,强调整体时表示单数,强调个体时表示复数。
词语辨析
1. look/see/watch/read
①Kate is ______ TV with his family.
②The students are ______ books in the classroom.
③Please ______ at the blackboard.
④You can _____a nice picture on it'.
2. speak/say/talk/tell
①Can you ______ it in English?
②The teacher is ______ with her.
③Chinese ______ Chinese.
④Let me _____ you about it.
3. wear/put on
我们的英语老师今天穿着一条蓝裙子。
Our English teacher is _____________ a blue dress.
答案:
1. watching, reading, look, see
2. say, talking, speak, tell
3. wearing
解析:
1. look,look at,see.watch与read
这五个动词(短语)译成汉语均有"看"的意思,但用法却迥然不同:
(1)look"看;注视",着重强调看的动作,表示有意识地看,可以单独使用,以提醒对方注意。如: Look! What are the children doing on the hill? 看!孩子们在山上干什么?
(2)look at"看某人或某物",接宾语时常与介词at连用。如:
Please look at the new computer.请看这台新电脑。
(3)see强调"看"的结果,是"看见、看到"的意思,其后直接跟宾语。如:
Can you see the man under the tree?你能看见树下的那个男人吗?
(4)watch"观看、注视",指全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事物的活动、变化和发展。如:Watch me carefully.注意看我。
注意:看戏、看电影等多用see,看球赛、看电视多用 watch。
(5)read"看、读",指为弄懂其中的含义而"看",形式是"看",实则为"读"。如;
Jim is reading a new story-book.吉姆在看(读)一本新故事书。
范例短文:
Now it's time to study. No good watch TV. Look! Your classmates are reading. But you're looking around and doing nothing.
2. say,speak,tell与talk
这四个动词译成汉语均有"说"的意思,但在实际运用中却不相同:
(1)say意为"说;说出",强调说话的内容,常作及物动词用,宾语可以是名词、代词或句子。如:Please say it again in English.请用英语再说一遍。
(2)speak意为"说话、说(某种语言)、发言",指说话这一行为,作及物动词时,后跟某种语言。如:We must speak English in English class.英语课上我们必须说英语。
(3)tell意为"告诉"。汉语中"讲故事"中的"讲"、"说谎"中的"说"常用此动词。如:
Mum tells me stories every evening.妈妈每天晚上给我讲故事。
(4)talk意为"(和别人)谈话、说话",指比较随便、自由地连续谈话。与to、with连用时,后跟谈话的对象;与about连用时,后跟谈话的内容(L93将学到)。如:
She is talking with her friend.她正在跟她的朋友交谈。
范例短文:
Speaking English everyday & everywhere means: Saying everything in English, talking with everybody in English and telling others about everything in English.
3. 在英语中 wear 和put on
它们都有"穿;戴" 之意, 但它们的用法不同:
(1)wear 译为 "穿着;戴着" 强调穿的状态。如:
What are they wearing today? 他们今天穿着什么(衣服)?
The twins often wear the same coat. So they look the same. 这对双胞胎经常穿着相同的上衣。他们看起来一样。
(2)put on有"穿上;戴上"的意思,它强调的是"穿"的动作。如:
She is putting on a sweater. Her mother say, "Put on the coat, please. " She say,"Why? It's not cold outside." 她正在穿毛衣。她妈妈说:"请穿上外衣。" 她说:"为什么?今天外面不冷。"
另外,put on是一时的动作, 不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用。如:
(×) They put on straw hats all day. 他们整天戴上草帽。
(√) They wear straw hats all day. 他们整天戴着草帽。
动词有变
写出下列动词的现在分词:
go _______________ play _______________ take _______________
read _______________ sit ________________ open _______________
put _______________ ride _______________ cook _______________
解析:
现在分词的构成分以下几种情况:
1) 直接在动词原形后面加-ing。如:
read → reading cook → cooking talk → talking
2) 以e结尾的动词把e去掉加-ing。如:
write → writing make → making close → closing
3) 以一个辅音字母加一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词, 要双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ing。如:
run → running cut → cutting swim → swimming
答案说明:
go → going; play → playing;
take是以e结尾的动词,所以要先去掉e,再加-ing, 即:taking。
read → reading。
sit是重读闭音节单词,所以要先双写最后一个辅音字母t,再加-ing, 即:sitting。
open虽然第二个音节是闭音节,但是不重读,所以直接加-ing, 即:opening。
put是重读闭音节单词,所以要先双写最后一个辅音字母t,再加-ing. 即:putting。
ride是以e结尾的动词,所以要先去掉e,再加-ing, 即:riding。
cook虽然也是重读闭音节,但是它中间有两个元音,不符合双写的条件,所以直接加-ing, 即:cooking。
考试大编辑整理
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