1信息错位，表里不一

　　易错点扫描

　　1. 阅读文章时信息错位。

　　2. 把题目考查的内容与文章的信息对应时出错，也就是关键句的确认失误。

　　范例剖析

　　【例题】 (2007年福建福州)Beijing-Shanghai Railway was completed in 1968. ……

　　Since opening, it has been one of the busiest routes in our country. The Beijing-Shanghai Route is now served by 10 trains a day, five of which are non-stop. The journey time is just under 12 hours. Now trains are allowed to travel at 250 kph (kilometers per hour) and the journey time is only 10 hours.

　　文中的第三题：When the Beijing-Shang train runs at 250 kph, the passengers speed _______ on the train.

　　A. ten hours

　　B. twelve hours

　　C. one day

　　D. two days

　　【典型错误】 此题有的同学很容易误选B。这是由于没有细心阅读文章第二段造成的。

　　【错因分析】 这道题属于直观性问题。出题者直接引用原文中的语句或根据原句稍加改动而编成。选B的同学只看到了 “The journey time is just under 12 hours”,其实这是就北京-上海铁路线上的总体情况而言的，在下句说得很明白：“Now trains are allowed to travel at 250 kph (kilometers per hour) and the journey time is only 10 hours”，也就是说全程也就只需要10小时了。

　　【正确答案】 A。

　　【归纳拓展】这篇文章是有关火车大提速的新闻，与时事、新闻有关，所以在学习之余，同学们要多关注时事，经常浏览报纸、杂志和电视等媒体上的新闻，将对我们的学习产生很大帮助。

　　2无据推理，张冠李戴

　　易错点扫描

　　1.做题时，所做的推理在文章中找不到相应的依据。

　　2.在文章中找相应的依据时出现张冠李戴的情况。

　　范例剖析

　　【例题】 (2007年安徽)“Sorry! Maybe I was too hard on you just now.” said the man, “Here’s $10.”

　　“Oh, thank you, Daddy!” he said happily. Then, the boy took out some coins. When the father found that the boy already had money, he got angry again.

　　“Why do you want more money since you already have some?” the father shouted angrily.“Because I didn’t have enough, but now I do.” the little boy replied, “Daddy, I have $20 now. Can I buy an hour of your time? Please come home early tomorrow. I would like to have dinner with you.”

　　文章第一题：From the passage, we can infer(推断)that the boy’s father ______.

　　A. often played with his son

　　B. spent little time with his son

　　C. didn’t love his son at all

　　D. often came back home early

　　【典型错误】 此题同学们易误选C，因为通过上面的he got angry again，the father shouted angrily等处可以看到这个父亲对孩子很严厉，因此就误认为父亲不爱儿子。

　　【错因分析】 出现错误的原因是同学们没能理解文章的主旨，仅仅根据父亲对于儿子生气的描写就错误地作出推断，认为父亲不爱儿子。

　　【正确答案】 B。根据文章最后一句可知，父亲是回家晚，呆在家的时间短，所以选择B项。

　　【归纳拓展】 同学们在做这类题时绝不能粗心，更不能凭空想象，要结合文章的主旨大意，从已知到未知，作出合理的推测。平时练习时，要注意不仅要理解文章的细节，更要理解文章的主旨，这样，才可以作出正确的推理判断。

　　3仅凭印象，胡乱猜词

　　易错点扫描

　　1. 对于生词，抛弃上下文，仅仅根据自己的印象来猜测词义。

　　2. 没能掌握关键性词语的意思，在判断生词意思的时候出错。

　　范例剖析

　　【例题】 (2007年安徽)“Daddy, could you lend me $10?”

　　The father was furious, “If you asked for the money to buy a toy or some other rubbish, then go straight to your room and think about why you are being so selfish(自私的)!”……

　　Then, the boy took out some coins. When the father found that the boy already had money, he got angry again.

　　文章第二题：In this passage, the underlined word “furious” means ______.

　　A. very angry

　　B. quite happy

　　C. too excited

　　D. a little nervous