Language is fluid, and usage changes. A case in point is the subjunctive (il congiuntivo), which in English is rapidly becoming extinct. Phrases like "I suggest you go home immediately" and "Robert wishes that you open the window" are not in frequent use anymore.
　　In Italian, though, the subjunctive tense is alive and flourishing, both in speaking and writing. Rather than stating facts, it expresses doubt, possibility, uncertainty, or personal feelings. It can also express emotion, desire, or suggestions. The table below provides examples of three regular verbs conjugated in the present subjunctive tense.
　　PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE
　　PRONOUN
　　-ARE VERB
　　-ERE VERB
　　-IRE VERBS
　　che io
　　parli
　　scriva
　　senta
　　capisca
　　che tu
　　parli
　　scriva
　　senta
　　capisca
　　che lui/lei/Lei
　　parli
　　scriva
　　senta
　　capisca
　　che noi
　　parliamo
　　scriviamo
　　sentiamo
　　capiamo
　　che voi
　　parliate
　　scriviate
　　sentiate
　　capiate
　　che loro/Loro
　　parlino
　　scrivano
　　sentano
　　capiscano
　　Typical phrases that call for the subjunctive tense include:
　　Credo che... (I believe that...)
　　Suppongo che... (I suppose that...)
　　Immagino che... (I imagine that...)
　　è necessario che... (It is necessary that...)
　　Mi piace che... (I'd like that...)
　　Non vale la pena che... (It's not worth it that...)
　　Non suggerisco che... (I'm not suggesting that...)
　　Può darsi che... (It's possible that...)
　　Penso che... (I think that...)
　　Non sono certo che... (I'm not sure that...)
　　è probabile che... (It is probable that...)
　　Ho l'impressione che... (I have the impression that...)
　　Certain verbs such as suggerire (to suggest), sperare (to hope), desiderare (to wish), and insistere (to insist) require use of the subjunctive.

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