In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violencehas so come to be taken for granted as a means of solvingdifferences, that it is not even questioned. There are countrieswhere the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there arecountries where the black man protests by setting fire to citiesand by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, getup and calmly argue in favor of violence – as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What isreally frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to thecrunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the humanrace, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still notlearnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, thebloodshed, the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when wedismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.

　　The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder andherder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kindbecause they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energythat goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up theslums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mopup the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible tofulfill the ideals of a stable social programme. The benefits that can be derived from constructivesolutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are alwayspossible, providing we work within the framework of the law.

　　Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, wemust appreciate each other's problems. And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simpleexercise in communication, in exchanging information. "Talk, talk, talk," the advocates of violencesay, "all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser." It's rather like the story of the famousbarrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argumentthe judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. "Possible, my lord," thebarrister replied, "none the wiser, but surely far better informed." Knowledge is the necessaryprerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.

　　1. What is the best title for this passage?

　　[A]　Advocating Violence.

　　[B] Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.

　　[C] Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.

　　[D] The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.