Ⅲ.阅读理解/Reading comprehension (40分)
A
The establishment of the Third Reich influenced events in American history by starting a chain of events which culminated in war between Germany and the United States. The complete destruction of democracy, the persecution of Jews, the war on religion, the cruelty and barbarism of the Nazis, and especially the plans of Germany and her allies, Italy and Japan, for world conquest caused great indignation in this country and brought on fear of another world war. While speaking out against Hitler' s atrocities, the American people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality. The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 prohibited trade with any belligerents or loans to them. In 1937, the President was empowered to declare an arms embargo in wars between nations at his discretion.
American opinion began to change somewhat after President Roosevelt' s "quarantine the aggressor" speech at Chicago ( 1937 ) in which he severely criticized Hitler' s policies. Germany' s seizure of Austria and the Munich Pact for the partition of Czechoslovakia ( 1938 ) also aroused the American people. The conquest of Czechoslovakia in March, 1939, was another rude awakening to the menace of the Third Reich. In August, 1939, came the shock of the Nazi-Soviet Pact and in September the attack on Poland and the outbreak of European war. The United States attempted to maintain neutrality in spite of sympathy for the democracies arrayed against the Third Reich. The Neutrality Act of 1939 repealed the arms embargo and permitted "cash and carry" exports of arms to belligerent nations. A strong national defense program was begun. A draft act was passed (1940) to strengthen the military services. A Lend Act (1941) authorized the President to sell, exchange, or lend materials to any country deemed necessary by him for the defense of the United States. Help was given to Britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish American bases in British territory in the Western Hemisphere. In August, 1940, President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill met and issued the Atlantic Charter, which proclaimed the kind of a world which should be established after the war. In December, 1941, Japan launched the unprovoked attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor. Immediately thereafter, Germany declared war on the United States.
36. One item occurring before 1937 that the author does not mention in his list of actions that alienated the American public was _________.
A. the burning of the Reichstag
B. German plans for world conquest
C. Nazi barbarism
D. the persecution of religious groups
37. The Lend-Lease Act was designed to _________.
A. help the British
B. strengthen the national defense of the United States
C. promote the Atlantic Charter
D. avenge Pearl Harbor
38. The American Policy during the years 1935--1936 may be described as being _________.
A. watchful
B. isolationist
C. peaceful
D. indifferent
39. The Neutrality Act of 1939 _________.
A. permitted the selling of arms to belligerent nations
B. antagonized Japan
C. permitted the British to trade only with the Allies
D. led to the Lend-Lease Act
40. The United States entered the war against Germany _________.
A. because Germany declared war
B. because Japan was an ally of Germany
C. after Germany had signed the Nazi-Soviet Pact
D. after peaceful efforts had failed
B
There have never been many adventurers. You can read stories about men called adventurers.But they were really businessmen. There was something they wanted--a lady, or money, or a country, or honor. And so they got it. But a true adventurer is different. He starts without any special purpose. He is ready for anything he may meet.
There have been many half-adventurers. And they were great men. History is rich with their stories. But each of them had a special purpose. They were not followers of true adventure.
In the big city of New York, Romance and Adventure are always waiting.
As we walk along the street, they are watching us. We look up suddenly and see a face in awindow. The face seems to interest us strangely. Or in a quiet street, we hear a cry of fear and pain
~oming from a house where no one lives. A car takes us to a strange door, instead of to our own.The door opens and we are asked to enter. At every comer, eyes look toward us, or hands areraised, or fingers point. Adventure is offered.
But few of us are ready to accept. We are ready to do only the things we do every day. We wish to do only the things that everyone else does. We move on; and some day we come to the end of a long quiet life. Then we begin to think. When it is too late, we are sorry that we have never known true Romance and Adventure.
41. In the author's opinion, there are _________ true adventurers.
A. many
B. few
C. no
D. a few
42. In what way does the author say a true adventurer is different from a businessman?
A. He is ready for anything he may meet.
B. He is not interested in money.
C. He enjoys excitement while a businessman does not.
D. A true adventurer is romantic, while a businessman is dull.
43. According to the passage, a cry of fear and pain coming from a house where no one lives in a quiet street means _________.
A. a number
B. a fight
C. wealth
D. adventure
44. We can infer from the passage that when most people meet an offer of adventure, they will _________.
A. grow angry but curious
B. accept the offer
C. grow embarrassed and reject the offer
D. be frightened and cry for help .
45. When do most people wish that they had known romance and adventure?
A. When they are young.
B. When it involves a beautiful lady or a handsome man.
C. When something interests them strangely.
D. When they reach the end of a long quiet life.
C
President Arling has put his long-awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress. It provides a coordinated program of investment credits, research grants, educational reforms, and tax changes designed to make American industry more competitive. This is necessary to reverse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economy for the past six years.
The most liberal wing of the President' s party has called for stronger and more direct action. They want an incomes policy to check inflation while Federal financing helps rebuild industry behind a wall of protective tariffs.
The Republicans, however, decry even the modest, graduated tax increases in the President' s program. They want tax cuts and a more open market. They say if Federal money has to be injected into the economy, let it through defence spending.
Both these alternatives ignore the unique nature of the economic problem, before Us. It is not simply a matter of markets or financing. The new technology allows vastly increased production for those able to master it. But it also threatens those who fail to adopt it with permanent second-class citizenship in the world economy. If an industry cannot lever itself up to the leading stage of technological advances, then it will not be able to compete effectively. If it cannot do this, no amount of government protectionism or access to foreign markets can keep it profitable for long. Without the profits and experience of technological excellence to reinvest, that industry can only fall still further behind its foreign competitors.
So the crux is the technology and that is where the President' s program focused. The danger is not that a plan will not be pa.ssed, it is that the ideologues of right and left will distort the bill with amendments that will blur its focus on technology. The economic restructuring plan should be passed intact. If we fail to restructure our economy now, we may not get a second chance.
46. The focus of the President's program is on _________.
A. investment
B. economy
C. technology
Do tax
47. What is the requirement of the most liberal wing of the Democratic Party? ( )
A. They want a more direct action.
B. They want an incomes policy to check inflation.
C. They want to rebuild industry.
D. They want a wall of protective tariffs.
48. What is the editor' s attitude?
A. Support.
B. Distaste.
C. Disapproval.
D. Compromise.
49. The danger to the plan lies in _________.
A. the two parties' objection
B. different ideas of the two parties about the plan
C. its passage
D. distortion
50. The passage is _________.
A. a review
B. a preface
C. an advertisement
D. an editorial
D
The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised) ; and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As a Norwegian politician said last week: "We will soon be changed beyond all recognition. "
Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people from the south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.
The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.
The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because the Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.
51. The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil" industry to _________.
A. provide more jobs for foreign workers
B. slow down the rate of its development
C. sell the oil it is producing abroad
D. develop more quickly than at present
52. The Norwegian Government has tried to _________.
A. encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources
B. prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway
C. help the oil companies solve many of their problems
D. keep the oil industry to something near its present size
53. According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to _________.
A. the development of industry
B. a growth in population.
C. the failure of the development programme
D. the development of new towns
54. In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be _________.
A. a large reduction on unemployment
B. a growth in the tourist industry
C. a reduction in the number of existing industries
D. the development of a number of service industries
55. Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because _________.
A. they form such a large part of the Norwegian ideal
B. their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal
C. their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society
D. they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian .way of life相关推荐：
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