解析非谓语动词作定语
1. 不定式作定语。如:
Every day the workers have a lot of work to do.(动宾关系)
She has no wish to go with you.(同位关系)
The second officer to come in was Smith.(主谓关系)
This is the best way to learn a foreign language.(修饰关系)
解析:不定式作定语时通常后置,即作后置定语,表示将要发生的动作,与被修饰的名词之间存在动宾关系、同位关系、主谓关系或修饰关系。
2. 动名词作主语。如:
We shall have a writing competition.
There is a swimming pool in the park.
解析:用动名词作定语,起说明被修饰名词性质或用途的作用。
3. 分词作定语。
(1)现在分词作定语。如:
Now there is a fire burning in the fireplace.
The villagers built a road leading to the city.
解析:现在分词作定语时,与它修饰的词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,用现在分词表示动作正在进行或经常性、现在或当时的状态。
(2)过去分词作定语。如:
There is a village called Gum Tree far away from here.
The Olympic Games, first played in 775BC, did not include women players until 1912.
解析:过去分词作定语时,与它所修饰的词之间存在被动关系。过去分词所表示的动作是在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,或没有固定的时间性。