1. Which of the followings does not belong to information technologies?
　　[ A ] Laptop
　　[ B ] Telephone
　　[ C ] Telecommunication networks.
　　[ D ] Digital systems.
　　2. Many institutions adjust their strategies and activities in-order to_______.
　　[ A ] make money
　　[ B ] change the relationship between people and knowledge
　　[ C ] take advantage of the opportunities provided by digital technologies
　　[ D ] adapt to the development of digital technologies
　　3. The phrase “higher-education functions” (Line , Paragraph 3) probably means
　　[ A ] increasing students' ability
　　[ B ] broaden students' horizons
　　[ C ] enriching students’ knowledge
　　[ D ] the way of teaching
　　4. The transformation resulted from the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 was_______.
　　[ A ] the popularization of education
　　[ B ] the establishment of secular education
　　[ C ] the introduction of graduate education
　　[ D ] the appearance of a competitive workforce
　　5. Information technology will have an impact on the following aspects except_______.
　　[ A ] freeing the constraints of time and space on classroom
　　[ B ] the chance students have to read original source materials
　　[ C ] the way of communication
　　[ D ] training students for professional career