The following is a memorandum from the sales director to the president of the Healthy－and－Good food company.
　　"A recent study indicates that Venadial， a new margarine currently produced only in the country of Alta， actually reduces cholesterol levels. Derived from the resin of pine trees， Venadial works by activating a metabolic response that is not yet well understood. However， cholesterol levels fell ten to fifteen percent among participants in the study who consumed Venadial daily， and the risk of heart attack by one－third. In addition， the new margarine is so popular that stores in Alta are unable to keep it on their shelves. Therefore， if our company obtains the exclusive right to sell Venadial internationally， our profits are sure to increase substantially within a very short time."