Section II Use of English

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and 21 worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term “reading” 22 meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace. ­One should be wary, however, of 23 that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a(n) 24 to others. Examination of factors related to the 25 development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in 26 .

　　The last century saw a steady gradual increase in 27 , and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, the number of potential listeners 28 , and thus there was some 29 in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a 30 activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would 31 distraction to other readers.

　　Towards the end of the century there was still 32 argument over whether books should be used for information or treated 33 , and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way 34 weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. 35 , its virtues, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was 36 by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and periodicals for a 37 readership on the other.

　　By the end of the century students were being recommended to adopt attitudes to books and to use skills in reading them which were inappropriate, 38 not impossible, for the oral reader. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly 39 what the term “reading” 40 .

　　21.[A] contemporary[B] modern[C] medieval [D] western

　　22.[A] undoubtedly[B] really[C] absolutely[D] accordingly

　　23.[A] imagining[B] consuming[C] resuming[D] assuming

　　24.[A] interruption[B] distraction[C] bother[D] pressure

　　25.[A] historical[B] historic[C] history[D] historian

　　26.[A] quality[B] character[C] personality[D] distinctiveness

　　27.[A] literate[B] illiterate[C] literacy[D] literature

　　28.[A] receded[B] declined[C] increased[D] expanded

　　29.[A] limitation[B] necessity[C] reduction[D] shrink

　　30.[A] private[B] overt[C] public[D] secret

　　31.[A] cause[B] effect[C] produce[D] realize

　　32.[A] considerable[B] considerate[C] moderate[D] immoderate

　　33.[A] respectively[B] honorably[C] respectfully[D] relatively

　　34.[A] largely[B] intelligently[C] mentally[D] physically

　　35.[A] However[B]Whatever[C] Whichever[D] Wherever

　　36.[A] replaced[B] taken[C] followed[D] distinguished

　　37.[A] specific[B] special[C] specified[D] specialized

　　38.[A] and[B] if[C] but[D] or

　　39.[A] translated[B] differed[C] shifted[D] altered

　　40.[A] inferred[B] advised[C] induced[D] implied