25 Questions

　　1. Soft Drink Manufacturer：Our new children's softdrink， RipeCal， is fortified with calcium.Since calcium is essential for developinghealthy bones， drinking RipeCal regularlywill help make children healthy.Consumer Advocate：But RipeCal also contains large amounts of sugar， and regularly consuming large amounts of sugar is unhealthful， especially for children. In responding to the soft drink manufacturer， the consumer advocate does which of the following？

　　（A）Challenges the manufacturer's claim about the nutritional value of calcium in children's diets

　　（B）Argues that the evidence cited by the manufac- turer， when properly considered， leads to a conclusion opposite to that reached by the manufacturer.

　　（C）Implies that the manufacturer of a product is typically unconcerned with the nutritional value of that product.

　　（D）Questions whether a substance that is healthful when eaten in moderation can be unhealthful when eaten in excessive amounts.

　　（E）Presents additional facts that call into question the conclusion drawn by the manufacturer.

　　2.Over a period of several months， researchers attached small lights to the backs of wetas-flightless insects native to New Zealand-enabling researchers for the first time to make comprehensive observations of the insects' nighttime activities.Thus， since wetas forage only at night， the researchers' observations will significantly improve knowledge of the normal foraging habits of wetas. Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends？

　　（A） Researchers were interested only in observing the wetas' foraging habits and so did not keep track of other types of behavior.

　　（B） No pattern of behavior that is exhibited by wetas during the nighttime is also exhibited by wetas during the daytime.

　　（C）Attaching the small lights to the wetas' backs did not greatly alter the wetas' normal night-time foraging habits.

　　（D）Wetas typically forage more frequently during the months in which the researchers studied them than they do at other times.

　　（E）The researchers did not use other observational techniques to supplement their method of using small lights to track the nighttime behavior of wetas.