GMAT阅读备考指导：阅读考查能力和阅读思维浅谈

　　实例解析1

　　(1)Understand words and statements. Although the questions do not test yourvocabulary (they will not ask you to define terms), they do test your ability to interpret special meanings of terms as they are used in the reading passage. The questions also test your understanding of the English language. These questions may ask about the overall meaning of a passage.简单来说，考查考生是否有能力理解文章中的术语和对英语这门语言的整体理解能力。请看下面文章：

　　The pleiotropy of the five well-studied plant hormones is somewhat analogous to that of certain hormones in animal. For example, hormones from the hypothalamus in the brain stimulate the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland to synthesize and release many different hormones, one of which stimulates the release of hormones from the adrenal cortex. These hormones have specific effects on target organs all over the body. One hormone stimulates the thyroid gland, for example, another ovarian follicle cells, and so forth. In other words,there is a hierarchy of hormones.

　　上面的文字出现了大量的专业词汇，比如pleiotropy，hypothalamus，nterior lobe of the pituitary gland，adrenal cortex，thyroid gland，ovarian follicle cells。对于中国考生而言，当看到文章生词较多时心理会有一种恐惧感，顿时会有一种心理暗示，即文章读不懂题目一定做不对。其实，在考试中这种情况是很常见的，在此提醒考生要有信息。下面具体来解释一下，hormone(中文：荷尔蒙)这个专业术语考生一定认识，整个文章的结构可以提炼出逻辑为: 1 结论+2 例子

　　The pleiotropy of the five well-studied plant hormones is somewhat analogous to that of certain hormones in animal. For example…for example

　　请看下面的题目：

　　The passage suggests that the place of hypothalamic hormones in the hormonal hierarchies of animals is similar to the place of which of the following in plants?

　　(A) Plant cell walls

　　(B) The complement of genes in each plant cell

　　(C) A subset of a plant cell’s gene complement

　　(D) The five major hormones

　　(E) The oligosaccharins

　　解析：题干提炼为“动物的H荷尔蒙与植物的哪些荷尔蒙相似?”看到题干中的similar to,会想到文中的analogous to, 所以答案选择D。

　　从上面的分析可以看出，在考试时一定要把握住文章的整体理解能力。由于考试时每篇文章后面只有3-4道题，若文章有2-3段，那么平均每段只可能出1-2道题。如果看到有可能考查的1-2个句子，比如段首句、段尾句，或有强转折、强对比、强因果的句子，以及有正负评价的句子，段落中其他看不懂的句子暂时先跳读，这就是整体理解能力的应用。

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