TEST III

30 Minutes 20 Questions

1.     Two groups of laboratory mice were injected with cancerous cells. One group’s cages were rotated in a disorienting manner. Two-thirds of these mice developed cancers. One-tenth of the mice in stationary cages developed cancers. The researchers concluded that stress enhances the development of cancer in laboratory mice.

The researchers’ conclusion logically depends on which of the following assumptions?

(A) Rotating the cages in disorienting manner produced stress in the mice in those cages.

(B) The injections given to the two groups of mice were not of equal strength.

(C) Injecting the mice with cancerous cells caused stress in the mice.

(D) Even without the injections the mice in the rotated cages would have developed cancers.

(E) Even the rotation of cages in a manner that is not disorienting is likely to produce stress in mice in those cages.

2.     In 1846 about 80 percent of the towns in New York State banned the sale of alcoholic beverages. A recent article about the bans concludes that mid-nineteenth-century supporters of the temperance movement were not residents of remote rural areas, as has often been asserted; rather, they were concentrated in centers of economic opportunity.

Which of the following, if true, best supports the conclusion reached in the article?

(A) After 1846 the temperance movement grew rapidly and it flourished until the turn of the century.

(B) Support for the ban on alcohol was strongest in New York towns where the economy was based on new, growing industries.

(C) Many young New York State farmers supported the ban on alcohol.

(D) The most adamant opponents of the ban included several affluent factory and mill owners.

(E) In New York City, which was a commercial center in 1846, the sale of alcoholic beverages was not banned.

3.     In 1984 Exco, which sells it s products only through mail-order catalogs, began distributing its catalog to people who had never purchased Exco’s products, while it continued to distribute the catalog to previous customers. Total dollar sales increased in 1984, but Exco’s profits that year were smaller than in 1983.

      Which of the following, if true, contributes most to an explanation of Exco’s smaller profits in 1984, as compared to 1983?

(A) There was a two percent increase in 1984 in the sales tax that consumers had to pay on all purchases from the catalog.

(B) A greater number of catalogs were sent to previous customers than to people who never purchased products from Exco.

(C) In 1984 Exco’s product-manufacturing costs increased by a smaller amount than the products’ selling prices increased.

(D) Customers who never previously purchased products from Exco purchased, on the average, fewer products in 1984 than did previous customers.

(E) The increase between 1983 and 1984 in the cost of mailing the catalogs was greater than the increase in sales from 1983 to 1984.

4.     People living in the undeveloped wilderness area want jobs, and commercial development of the area will create jobs. But if the new commercial development plan is carried out, the wilderness will suffer. Thus the board considering the area’s future must choose between the preservation of the wilderness and the wishes of the local people.
      The answer to which of the following questions would be LEAST relevant to evaluating whether the board indeed faces the choice the author says it faces?

(A) Could commercial development be carried out under an alternative plan without damaging the wilderness?

(B) Would commercial development of the wilderness area significantly benefit people living elsewhere?

(C) Would the jobs created by the new development plan be filled by the local people?

(D) Do local people support or oppose commercial development of the wilderness area?

(E) Can job be provided without commercial development of the wilderness area?