1 after doing 相关问题
　　220. (GWD-24-8, OG12-86)The results of the company's cost-cuttingmeasures are evident in its profits, which increased five percent during thefirst three months of this year after it fell over the last two years.
　　A. whichincreased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell
　　B. whichhad increased five percent during the first three months of this year after ithad fallen
　　C. whichhave increased five percent during the first three months of this year afterfalling
　　D. with a five percent increase during the firstthree months of this year after falling (C)
　　E. with a five percent increase during the firstthree months of this year after having fallen
　　答案选C，但解释上有点问题我不明白：下面是语法笔记上对于B和C的解释：
　　B. after it had fallen时态上没有问题，可以与over the last two years搭配，但是不如after falling简洁
　　C. Correct;afterfalling简洁，状语从句的省略
　　求助讨论：可是我不理解为什把after doing理解为状语从句的省略。我觉得这里不是省略!!!
　　状语从句的省略：从句主语和主句主语一致，并且包含be。。。从句主语和be可以省略。when，although ，等词引导时间状语从句，让步状语从句等时，可以用这种形式来简洁表达。
　　但是如果把这里的after doing 理解为 after it have/had been falling。我觉得也不能清晰的表达出原文所想表达的时态先后关系。而且如果这里 fall是进行时表达一直在下降，这里也是不对的吧。
　　我的理解：
　　after doing 作状语，表达其修饰的动作之前发生的动作，其修饰的动词和after后面的动词动作发出者要一致。如此表达最能体现出二者的先后关系。
　　The best way to extract the flavor from saffron threads is to soak them in liquid after pounding
　　them 。。。这里pounding作状语，修饰的是soak。 虽然整句话都没有出现pound的动作发出者，但soak和pound二者逻辑上的动作发出者一致。
　　另外提一句：
　　AlienX: after having done something是不可能对的
　　1)after已表示the sequence of events.没有必要用having done来表示前后
　　2)可是after someone/something has/have done something是acceptable; 如果变成after someone/something did something也可以
　　2 after+n的逻辑主语问题。
　　需要再讨论，不知道对不对
　　看两个例子：
　　prep16：Less than 35 years after the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil
　　, their descendents, popular known as killer bees had migrated as far north as Southern Texas。。。
　　85：In 1945, after a career as First Lady in which she shattered expectations more audaciously than either Abigail Adams or Dolly Madison ever had been, Eleanor Roosevelt was appointed a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly by President Harry S Truman.
　　Bmore audaciously than either Abigail Adams or Dolly Madison, President Harry S Truman had Eleanor Roosevelt appointed to be a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly.
　　D. with an audacity never mathed by Abigail Adams or Dolly Madison, Eleanor Roosevelt was appointed a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly by President Harry S Truman. 我的理解：after +n 究竟是否存在逻辑主语问题，要看前面的名词而定。 如16题，after 后面接了一个事件，句子主干再说这个事件之后的事情。主干的事情不一定是发出那个事件的人作的另一个事。
　　而且这里release 是action n，反而避免了after releasing 的逻辑主语问题。(这里可见 Manhattan的 v-a-n原则不是万能的哦)
　　85题：after +后面的名词明显是不完整的，缺少一个能和 那个n 对应的 发出者。这种情况下，要考虑after的逻辑主语问题。
　　总之：after +n后面的逻辑主语问题是句子逻辑意思而定。
　　一般来说，after +n 表达一个能够对很多人造成影响的的事件，而不是某个小土鸡作的鸡毛蒜皮的小事，一般after+n 是不需要动作发出者的。
　　好像有点抽象，举个例子：
　　(1)after 退休， 老王干了啥。。
　　(2)二战之后，老王干了啥。。
　　好像after就这两点比较烦，其他情况想起来再补充哈。。
　　以上对GMAT语法考试中的常见备考要点进行了较为详细的阐述，考生不妨以此为鉴，通过反复练习逐步掌握其在GAMT语法考试中的使用规律，从而在GMAT语法考试中发挥出更好的水平