Qualified Endorsement: When the words "without recourse" or words with similar meaning are used as part of the endorsement, such endorsement is referred to as qualified endorsement. The purpose of this type of endorsement is to limit the endorser’s liability. The qualified endorsee, however, may look to all other parties prior to the qualified endorser. Under the UCP, the term "signature" also includes marks and thumbprints and printed, typed, or stamped signatures are acceptable in addition to written ones. This rule also applies to endorsements. In the United States, the endorsement on an instrument need not necessarily be applied by the previous holder. Banks frequently provide this by placing a rubber-stamped endorsement on deposited check, typically using words as "Credited to account of within named payee" and guaranteeing the absence of the Payee’s Personal signature and endorsement.
　　1. Qualified endorsement is one ______ .
　　A. only with "without recourse" on it, words with similar meaning are not considered as qualified endorsement
　　B. where the holder merely writes his signature on the back of the instrument and there- after it becomes payable to the bearer
　　C. with "without recourse " or words with similar meaning as part of endorsement
　　D. which prohibits the further negotiation of the instrument or which
　　expresses that it is a mere authority to deal with the instrument as thereby directed
　　2. Qualified endorsement is used ______ .
　　A. when the endorser wants to pass the full title to the endorsee
　　B. to inform the importer’s bank to negotiate
　　C. when the endorser wants to strengthen the liability of the endorsee
　　D. to limit the endorser’s liability
　　3. According to UCP, the term "signature" includes ______ .
　　A. marks and thumbprints, and printed, typed, or stamped signatures are acceptable in addition to written ones
　　B. marks and thumbprints, but printed, typed, or stamped signatures are acceptable in addition to written ones
　　C. marks and thumbprints, but printed, typed, or stamped signatures are not acceptable in addition to written ones
　　D. marks and thumbprints only
　　4. The qualified endorsee may look to all other Parties ______ .
　　A. prior to the qualified endorser
　　B. prior to the qualified endorsee
　　C. prior to the immediate endorser
　　D. prior to the immediate endorsee
　　5. Endorsement can be acceptable ______ .
　　A. only when it is signed personally by the previous holder
　　B. if it is signed, stamped or marked
　　C. only when there is a rubber-stamped signature on it
　　D. if there is a thumbprints on it

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