As World War II came to an end, the founders of the new United Nations believed international financial institutions were needed to assist the reconstruction of war-torn countries and the economic development of the poor nations as well as to replace the earlier international monetary systems. World trade and investment once again grew worldwide and the currency system needed a reorganization. The world powers met in 1944 at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, a resort in the Mount Washington area to contemplate the establishment of institutions designed to achieve these objectives.　　
　　随着第二次世界大战的结束，新联合国创始人认为，国际金融机构用于帮助遭受战争创伤国家的重建和落后国家的发展，并取代旧的国际货币体系。世界贸易和投资重新在世界范围发展，货币体系需要重新组建。世界强国于1944年，在新罕布什尔州地布雷顿森林，位于华盛顿山区疗养胜地开会，探讨建立能实现这一目标的机构。
　　Two multilateral financial institutions were established at Bretton Woods. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, known today as the World Bank, was formed to furnish loans to nations for reconstruction of war damages and to assist in economic development with funds for social overhead capital projects such as dams, ports, and other social infrastructure. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) was established to pool international reserves of members that could be loaned on a short term basis to those members with temporary balance of payments imbalances. A new international monetary system linking currencies to a new system was also enacted -- the Bretton Woods System. The most instrumental personality of the Bretton Woods meeting was a British economist, John Maynard Keynes, whose vision of an orderly world monetary system came to fruition in the form of the IMF.　　
　　在布雷顿森林建立了两个多边金融机构。国际复兴开发银行，今天被称为世界银行的建立，为遭受战争创伤的国家重建提供贷款，为社会固定基础项目，如水坝、港口、及其它基础实施等经济开发提供资金支持。国际货币基金组织的建立，集中成员国的国际储备，对那些国际收支出现暂时不平衡的成员国提供短期贷款。一个与货币有关的新国际货币体系到一个新的体系—布雷顿森林体系的建立。布雷顿森林会议最起作用的人物，一位英国的经济学家，约翰·莫纳德·凯恩斯，他构想的一个有秩序的世界货币体系最终以国际货币基金组织的形式实现了。
　　The new system revalued go1d to U.S.$35 per ounce of go1d, or $1=1/35 ounce of gold. All currencies were then linked to the dollar by exchange rates fixed at some par value. Essentially this was an adjustable peg system with parity set within a band of plus or minus 1 percent of par, i.e., the par is the peg and rates could be adjusted within this narrow band. Thus, currencies could be traded in the foreign exchange market but only within a very narrow range. If a currency’s foreign exchange rate began to float near or slightly above the ceiling, the central bank of that currency had to be prepared to se11 reserves into the market so that the increased supply would cause the rate to fall. If the rate fell to the floor, 1 percent below par, the central bank had to buy the currency with other foreign exchange so that the rate would increase back toward par. Another rule enacted by the IMF and approved by member countries held that changes in a country’s currency beyond the plus or minus 1 percent from par had to be approved by the IMF.　　
　　新体系把黄金的价格调整至每盎司黄金35美元，或1美元等于1/35盎司黄金，然后，所有货币按平价固定汇率与美元挂钩。实质上，这是一种可调整地盯住汇率制，其汇率只能在货币平价上下各1%的幅度内波动，即货币平价是固定的，汇率只能在这个狭窄的范围内波动。所以，各种货币可以在外汇市场上进行交易，但只能在一个很狭窄的汇率范围内进行。若一国货币的汇率开始浮动，接近或略微超过规定的上限，该国的中央银行必须随时向市场出售储备，以增加供给，使汇率下跌。若汇率跌至下限，平价以下1%，中央银行必须用其他外汇买进该货币，使汇率向货币平价反弹。国际货币基金组织颁布并经会员国批准的另一项规则是，一国货币的变化超过货币平价上下1%，须经国际货币基金组织批准。