金汇兑本位制The Gold Exchange Standard

来源:金融英语    发布时间:2013-01-20    金融英语辅导视频    评论

  From 1925 to 1931,a gold exchange standard was attempted by the major trading partners. Essentially this was a modification of the gold standard in which the dollar and the pound sterling were used along with gold to settle international imbalances. However, the pound sterling was ruled inconvertible in 1931, leading to a run on U.S. gold and a drop of 15 percent in U.S. holdings of the metal. The depression in the United States and the subsequent passage of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff led to the retaliation and currency instability mentioned previously. The global depression brought an end to the gold exchange standard as global economic problems were converted into political problems and the resulting World War
  II.
  从1925-1931年,主要的贸易伙伴国对金汇兑本位制进行了尝试。从本质上讲,这是金本位制的改良形式,美元和英镑与黄金挂钩使用,以解决国际收支的不平衡。可是,1931年英镑被规定为不可兑换,引起抢购美国黄金,美国黄金持有量下降15%。美国的大萧条和随后通过Smoot-Hawley关税引起前面所提的报复性关税和货币不稳定。由于全球经济问题转变为政治问题及由此而来的第二次世界大战,全球性的大萧条终结了金汇兑本位制。
  Many in the field of international finance still advocate a return to the gold standard. The usefulness of gold as a store of value still continues. Gold bugs recommend that every individual portfolio should contain at leas 10 percent of its value in gold or some equivalent such as shares of gold producers or certificates backed by the commodity. The Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, Alan Greenspan, uses the price of gold as an indicator of inflationary pressures in his formulation of monetary policy.
  国际金融领域的许多人士仍然主张恢复金本位制。作为价值储藏的黄金,其有用性仍然继续存在。黄金痴迷者建议每个人的投资组合应包含至少10%黄金价值,或者等值物,如黄金生产者股份或商品物权单据。联邦储备委员会主席阿兰·格林斯潘,将黄金价格当作他制定货币政策中通货膨胀压力的指标。

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