31.  Early of the present century, ____________.
A.  there were many guest houses in most cities but not any in most small towns
B.  there were not only many guest houses but also many motels in most cities and small towns
C.  there were many guest houses not only in most cities but also in most small towns
D.  there were many motels in most cities and most small towns
32.  Guest houses were used to receive ____________.
A. foreign guests       B.  foreign students
C.  only the rich      D.  sightseers
33.  It is a pity that ____________.
A.  there are very few guest houses now
B.  there are still so many guest houses now
C.  there are a great number of motels now
D.  there are more motels than guest houses now
34.  Which of the following is not true?
A.  The travelers who live in motel can often swim in its swimming pool.
B.  In a motel, each apartment is furnished with TV set.
C.  Guest houses can hardly be seen anywhere today.
D.  Even today the guest houses are still comfortable to live in.
Passage 2
People over the age of 65 in the U. S. A are called senior citizens.  Life for these people is different from that for younger Americans.  Most senior citizens retire, or no longer work full time.  Also it is unusual for people of this age to live with their children and grandchildren.  Grandparents tend to live in their own houses or apartments away from their families.
For many senior citizens, the years after 65 are not enjoyable.  They feel unproductive when they no longer work.  Their lives lose meaning.  In addition, they may feel lonely being away from their families and the contacts they had in their work.  Moreover, they become more concerned with their health as they grow older.  If they live in big cities, they often worry about their safety.
Other senior citizens enjoy their lives.  They feel free to do things they were not able to do when they were working and raising families.  They now have time to enjoy hobbies and sports and travel.  They associate with their fellow senior citizens who have common interests and equal free time.  Many senior citizens move to retirement communities located in warm climates.  Some senior citizens continue to work beyond retirement age.  Many find new careers and professional opportunities after they retire.
The number of senior citizens in the U. S. is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before.  The average life span for Americans is now more than 74 years.  Because of their larger numbers and more active life styles, senior citizens are gaining social influence in the country both politically and economically.  Their concerns are receiving a wider audience than ever before.  The time may come when all Americans will look forward to becoming senior citizens.
35.  Senior citizens are ____________.
A.  the people of 65 years old    B.  the people over 65 years of age
C.  the people between 60 and 65 years old  D.  the retired people
36.  Many senior citizens ____________.
A.  are enjoyable
B.  live together with their families
C.  feel unproductive, lonely and unsafe
D.  feel safe in big cities
37.  Senior citizens are gaining social influence because ____________.
A.  the number of senior citizens is growing and because senior citizens are more active
B.  they do more work now
C.  their average life span is longer
D.  senior citizens have experience
Passage 3
The digital revolution, as exemplified by the Internet and electronic commerce, has shaken mark1eting practices to their core.  In a recent paper, Whartons Jerry Wind, director of the SEI Center for Advanced Studies in Management, and co-author Vijay Mahajan, a marketing professor at the College of Business Administration of the University of Texas at Austin, examine the impact of digital marketing on concepts like pricing, when customers can propose their own prices (priceline.com), or buyers and sellers can haggle independently in auctions (eBay.com).
The paper provides an overview of some of the emerging realties and new rules of marketing in a digital world, and outlines what the new discipline of marketing may look like in the early part of the new century. 
To begin with, say the authors, the rapid-fire growth of the Internet is helping to drive changes.  “It is not just our computers that are being reprogrammed; it is customers themselves,” says Wind.  “These emerging cyber consumers are like an alien race that have landed in the midst of our markets.  They have different expectations and different relationships with companies from which they purchase products and services. ”
For one thing, cyber consumers expect to be able to customize everything — from the products and services they buy and the information they seek, to the price they are willing to pay.  And with digital technology opening new channels for gaining information, they are more knowledgeable and demanding than previous consumers. 
Digital customers can also sort products based on any desired attribute, price, nutritional value, or functionality, and they can easily obtain third-party endorsements and evaluations, tapping the experience of other users.  “Companies that cannot meet their demands and expectations will be at a loss,” says Wind.
38.  This passage was most likely to be taken from ____________.
A.  a paper discussing digital revolution
B.  an introduction to a book
C.  a book on digital revolution
D.  an overview of a paper
39.  Compared with traditional customers, the emerging cyber consumers ____________.
A.  are more difficult to satisfy
B.  have less knowledge about business
C.  have more problems with prices
D.  are less willing to buy products and services
40.  In the last paragraph, what Wind said means ____________.
A.  companies should try their best to meet the digital consumers’ demands and expectations
B.  it will be more and more difficult for companies to earn profit in e-business
C.  most of the companies in e-business are at a loss
D.  digital consumers’ decision to buy depends largely on others’ evaluation

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