borrow 和lend
都含"借"的意思。
borrow 指(从主语的角度讲)"借进", 表示"从[向]……借……, 自己暂时使用", 如:
You can borrow this dictionary from the library.
你可以从图书馆借到这本字典。
lend 指"把……借给", 表示"将自己的东西暂时借出给别人", 如:
I have lent my bike to Xiao Li.
我把自行车借给小李了。
take seize grasp clutch grab snatch
都含"抓、握、取"的意思。
take 系常用词, 指"拿、握、取", 如:
take sb.’s hand
握住某人的手。
seize 指"突然用力地抓住、握住", 如:
The policeman seized a criminal suspect.
警察捉住一个嫌疑犯。
grasp指"紧紧地抓住", 用于比喻意义时指"掌握","领会", 如:
grasp a rope
握紧绳子。
clutch 指"突然抓住", 常伴有"急切或害怕的心情", 如:
A drowning man will clutch at a straw.
将要溺死的人连一根稻草也要去抓。
grab指"抢夺"、"攫取", 如:
The boy grabbed the apple and ran off (with it)。
那孩子抢了那个苹果就跑了。
snatch 指"突然快速地拿、取、夺、抢走", 如:
The hawk snatched the chicken and flew away.
老鹰叼了小鸡就飞走了。
break away
逃走;逃脱
The robbery suspect broke away from the lockup.
抢劫嫌疑犯从拘留所逃脱了。
Modern music like jazz has broken away from the old traditional rules. (喻)
现代音乐如爵士乐摆脱了旧的传统规则。
断裂;开裂
A large piece of ice broke away from the main block.
一大块冰从整个大冰块上断裂开来。
break down
破坏;拆散
The Congressmen of the Republican tried to break down the opposition from their opponents to their proposal. (喻)
共和党的议员们试图使他们的反对派不再反对他们的提案。
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.
人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。
break down old conventions
打破旧框框
The robbers broke the door down.
强盗们把门砸开了。
The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)
据说和谈破裂了。
制服;被制服
(机器)损坏
Our truck broke down outside town.
我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。
The car broke down halfway to the destination.
汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。
The car broke down halfway to the camp.
车子在去营地的半路上抛锚了。
The 8 o’clock train broke down at Ferngreen station and was taken off the line.’
8点钟的那趟车因在芬格林车站出了故障而被取消了。
失败;破裂
Their opposition broke down.
他们的反对意见打消了。
精神崩溃;失去控制
He broke down and wept.
他不禁失声痛哭。
起化学变化
Food is broken down by chemicals.
化学物质引起食物转化。
细分;分类
break even
不赚不赔;收支平衡
break in
闯入;强行进入
The burglar broke in and stole my money.
夜窃贼破门而入,偷了我的钱。
打断;插嘴
It’s her usual habit to break in with some ideas of her own.
他常常打断别人的话来发表自己的观点。
Don’t break in when the adventurer is telling his own story.