本期重点：名词

　　名词方面主要考查的是名词的单复数形式(例1、4)。此时要注意的是一些词加s后意思就有可能改变，例如：paper(纸)papers(试卷)、safe(安全的)safes(保险箱)、glass(玻璃)glasses(眼镜)、wood(木材)woods(树林)、work(工作)works(作品)等。还有一些特殊的复合名词也要注意，例如father-in-law 改成复数形式是fathers-in-law。

　　考点解析：

　　例1：Operating within Seattle, which has 20 percents racial S2__________

　　minorities, the paper has put into place policies.

　　解析：在表达“百分之几”时，只需用基数词加上单数percent即可。

　　例2：In addition, the paper instituted a content

　　audit (审查) that evaluates the frequency and manner of

　　representation of woman and people of color in photographs S7._________

　　解析：不定冠词a(n)或定冠词the加上单数个体名词可以指一类事物，若不用冠词，则名词须为复数。此处woman与people并列作为of 的宾语，由于people是集体名词，单数形式表复数意义，从平衡角度出发，应该将woman改为women。

　　例3：Words came that the missing boy had been found. 1.__________

　　解析:word为当可数名词时，意思为“(某人所说的)话”，当其为不可数名词时，意思为“消息”。根据句意，本题中word应改为“消息”的意思，所以应该把Words改为Word。

　　例4：They spent over a million year evolving as co-operative hunters. S5.__________

　　解析：year是可数名词，而且前面又有a million 修饰，所以要用复数。

　　巩固与拓展

　　1.There are majorities of teachers who have a lot of teaching experiences in my school.

　　__________

　　2. In some schools there are special woman teachers teaching girl students. __________

　　3. According to psychologists, there are three factors accounting for this phenomena. __________

　　4. There is so much voice outside that I can’t concentrate on my study and thinking. _________

　　5.Culture is composed of nonmaterial culture abstract creations like values, beliefs,

　　customs and institutional arrangements - and material culture - physical object like ________

　　cooking pots, computers and bathtubs.

　　综合练习

　　If you smoke and you still don’t believe that there’s a definite link

　　between smoke and troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, 1. _____

　　and you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you 2.___

　　with hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of 3.______

　　wishful thinking. This needn’t make you too uncomfortable because you are

　　in a good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is 4.___

　　raised, the governments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and

　　smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have not taken timid 5.______

　　measures. In Britain for instance, cigarette advertising has been banned on

　　television. The conscience of the nation is appeased, while the population

　　continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerous death.

　　You don’t have to look very far to find out that the official reactions 6._____

　　to medical findings have been so lukewarm. The answer is simple money. 7._______

　　Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. It’s almost like a tax on

　　our daily bread. In tax revenue lonely, the government of Britain 8.______

　　collect enough from smokers to pay for its entirely educational facilities. 9._____

　　So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may,

　　conceivably, harmful, it doesn’t do to shout too loudly about it. 10.______

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　　参考答案及解析：

　　巩固与拓展

　　1.experiences -> experience

　　当experience为可数名词时，意思是“经历”，当为不可数名词时，意思为“经验”。根据句子的意思，应该是“教学经验”。

　　2.woman -> women

　　由man、woman、lord构成的复合名词应前后两个词都变为复数形式。

　　3.phenomena -> phenomenon 或this -> these

　　phenomena是phenomenon 的复数形式。前面有this修饰，应该用单数。

　　4.voice -> noise

　　voice意思是“(人的)声音”，而noise指的是噪声。

　　5.object -> objects

　　综合练习

　　1.smoke -> smoking

　　smoke作名词时意为“烟雾”，作动词时意为“吸烟”。此处指吸烟和肺部疾病的关系

　　故使用smoking。

　　2.and -> / 或and -> then

　　and是并列连词，连接两个对称的分句。但此处前面是条件状语从句，不对称，故应该去掉and或将and改为 then，使后面变成主句

　　3.with -> of

　　accuse sb of sth 意为“为….而控告或谴责某人”，不能使用介词with

　　4.a -> /

　　此处显然不是“在一家好公司”( in a good company)的意思，而是说“有人和你作伴”(in good company)。此处的company意为“陪伴”，抽象名词，前面不用冠祠。

　　5.not -> /

　　逻辑错误

　　6.that -> why

　　此处的意思是要找到“为什么官方对医学发现应冷淡”。

　　7.simple -> simply

　　这里的句意是“答案仅仅是钱”，故使用副词simply。simple的意思是“简单”。

　　8.lonely -> alone

　　lonely意为“孤独”的，alone意为“单独，一个”，此处意为“单税收一项”，故用alone

　　9.collect -> collects

　　本句的主语是the government of Britain ，是单数，所以谓语collect也要用单数。

　　10.harmful前加be

　　本句的conceivably 是插入语，如果不看它的话，就很容易看出这个句子缺少了系动词be

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