1 Which of the following does "labor market problems" (Line 1, Para. 1 ) refer to?
　　[A] Shortage of jobs providing adequate income.
　　[B] Deficiencies in the training of the work force.
　　[C] Trade relationships among producers of goods.
　　[D] The overall causes of poverty.
　　2 The author contrasts the 1930s with the present in order to show that
　　[A] more people were unemployed in the 1930s
　　[B] social programs are more needed now
　　[C] unemployment now has less severe effects
　　[D] now there is a greater proportion of elderly and handicapped people among those in poverty
　　3 Which of the following proposals best responds to the issues raised by the author?
　　[A] Innovative programmers using multiple approaches should be set up to reduce the level. of unemployment.
　　[B] A compromise should be found between the positions of those who view joblessness an evil greater than economic control and those who hold the opposite view.
　　[C] New statistical indices should be developed to measure the degree to which unemployment and inadequately paid employment cause suffering."
　　[D] Consideration should be given to the ways in which statistics can act as partial causes of the phenomena that they purport to measure.
　　4 The author’s purpose in citing those who are repeatedly unemployed during a twelve-month period is most probably to show that__________
　　[A] there are several factors that cause the payment of low wages to some members of the labor force
　　[B] unemployment statistics can underestimate the hardship resulting from joblessness
　　[C] recurrent inadequacies in the labor market can exist and cause hardships for individual workers
　　[D] a majority of those who are jobless at any time does not suffer severe hardship
　　5 According to the text, one factor that causes unemployment and earnings figures to over-predict the amount of economic
　　hardship is the__________
　　[A] recurrence of periods of unemployment for a group of low wage workers
　　[B] fact that unemployment counts do not include those who work for low wages
　　[C] establishment of a system of record keeping that makes it possible to compile poverty statistics
　　[D] prevalence, among low wage workers and the unemployed, of members of families in which others are employed 

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