来源:大学英语六级 发布时间:2013-02-03 大学英语六级辅导视频 评论
九、句子结构的错误
在英语中按句型来说可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四种,从结构上来说又可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句三种。句子的结构错误是构成句子完整结构的某一成分用错或者缺少,或者使用了多于成分而造成句意不清的错误类型。由于英语语法和汉语语法特点在结构上表现得十分明显,主、谓、宾结构在数、格、人称上的一致、连接手段的正确使用以及词序安排等,都与汉语有着相当大的差异,因此在改错中也是一大难点。句子结构错误类型包括:句子类型使用错误、句子成分短缺、平行结构错误以及词组搭配使用错误。
例 1
Computer analyzed marketing reports can help
deciding which products to emphasize now, which
to develop for the future, and which to be dropped. 1.__________
本句中三个平行成分 which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to be dropped 结构模式应该一致,均采用不定式主动语态,因而 to be dropped 应改为 to drop 。
例 2
When we consider the comfortable circumstances
of a working family today, the life of the workingman
in 1882 seems miserable indeed. But earlier it had
been ever hard. 1.__________
根据上文中“ earlier ”可知,原句显然是将 1882 年以前的生活与 1882 年时的生活作比较,所以此处 hard 应该改为 harder 。
例 3
At the beginning of the nineteenth century working
hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful,
and working conditions being poor and dangerous. 1.__________
在该句中, working hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful, and working conditions being poor and dangerous 三个小分句为并列结构关系,因此必须保持成分和结构上的一致性,故应该将 being 改为 were 。
例 4
However, a second person thought that this was
more a question of civilized behavior as good 1.__________
manners.
“ more…than… ”是固定搭配用法,在此句中表示“与其…不如…”的意思,而不是“比…多”的意思;没有“ more…as… ”的搭配用法,故应该将 as 改为 than 。
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