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语法考点6：虚拟语气三种情况

a. (should)+动词原形的情形

b. if或but for等引导的条件句

c. wish, if only的用法

a1. (should)+动词原形的情形:表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”宾语从句：

动词suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, decide, promise, recommend, advise, advocate, persuade等。

I insisted that English learners should memorize words everywhere. 

真题练习：

3.The professor required that _______ (我们交研究报告)by Wednesday.

91. They requested that______________(我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday.

模拟练习：

The special committee recommended that ____ (这项工程不应动工) until all the preparations have been made.

答案：

a.2.表示“建议、命令、要求、想法” 的主语从句或表语从句中--上面动词对应的名词advice, demand, order, necessity, resolution, decision, proposal, requirement, suggestion, idea, recommendation, request, plan,

　建议：It is my idea/suggestion that ….

模拟练习：

8) His proposal was that _______________(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题).

9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that ____________(取消四级考试). 

a.3．在形容词important, necessary, imperative, natural, urgent, essential, appropriate, desirable, vital, advisable, preferable, incredible以及短语no wonder, a pity等可以构成“It is +形容词（名词）+that”句型中。

    It is incredible that the boy should believe my words. 

六级大纲样题：

72. It was essential that ________ (我们月底前签订合同)。

答案：

特例：it is time that + 一般过去式

谓语动词用过去式，指现在或将来的情况，表示“早该干某事而已经有些晚了”

It’s time_____________________(采取措施) about the traffic problem downtown.

答案：

b. if或but for等引导的条件句

区别：if 引导从句；but for = without: 加名词、代词、动名词

b1: if引导的虚拟语气

a.与现在的事实相反：[If --- + were/did---, --- + would/ might do---]

如果我爸是李刚，我相撞谁撞谁。

If my father were Li Gang, I would collide with anyone I like. 

 半倒装形式：Were I/Did …

2.与过去的事实相反：[If --- + had done---, --- +would/ might have done---]

如果我生于比尔盖茨家族，我将会买好几辆公交车。

If I had been born in Bill Gates’, I would have bought several buses as my private cars.

 半倒装：Had I …

3.与将来的事实可能相反：[If ---+ should/were to do---, ---+ would/ should do---]

假如世界末日在2012年到来，我会…

If the doomsday were to come in 2012, I would …

 半倒装：Were the doomsday to …

真题练习：

2006-12

3.The victim _______(本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.

答案：

2009-6：

88. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary             (就不会被大雨淋湿了).

答案： 

2009-12：

87. You would not have failed if you _______  (按照我的指令去做)

答案：

【CET-6:2007.1】If you had ___________________(听从了我的忠告， 你就不会陷入麻烦). 

答案： 

请暂停完成以下练习：

12) _______________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey. 

15) _______________(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now.

16) If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他现在就不在人间了).

19) Were I in your place, _______________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会).

20) Had it not been for their opposition, _______________(这项法案早就通过了).

21) Should there be another world war, _______________(人类的继续存在就会有危险). 

b2. but for/without=if it were not for…/if it had not been for…

But for your help they would not have fulfilled the task in time.

如果没有你的帮助，他们不可能按时完成任务。

模拟练习：

3． But for his teacher’s help,  he _________ (是不会成功的).

答案：

真题练习：

2010-06：89. There would be no life on earth ____________(没有地球独特的环境).

答案：

【CET-6:2007.12】But for mobile phone, ＿＿＿ ____________（我们的通讯就不可能如此迅速和方便)

答案：

c.1.动词wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气

小强希望考试的时候我跟他在一起。 

翻译：

小强希望明天考试的时候我跟他在一起。

翻译：

那时小强要是听我的话就好了。

翻译：

真题练习：

11-06：88. Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that _____________（能被分配做另一项工作）

答案： 

C.2. If only（但愿）与wish 情况类似（从句分三种情况）：wish 均可用If only 代之，含义大致相同。

如：Xiao Qiang wishes I were with him in CET-4.

C.3. as if／though（好像）：

（与现在事实相反）

Sky is very strong as if he were a bull．

（与过去事实相反）

He talks as if he had been there many times．

（与将来事实相反）

He speaks as if he would die soon．

模拟练习：

4． He works very hard___________.(好像永远不打算睡觉似的)

答案：