Remarks to the Engineering Academy of Armored Forces
by US Secretary of Defense Leon E. Panetta
Beijing, China
September 19, 2012
在中国北京装甲兵工程学院的讲话
美国国防部长 莱昂·帕內塔
2012年9月19日

　　Thank you very much, General, for that kind introduction.
　　非常感谢将军刚才热情的介绍。
　　I would like to extend my deepest gratitude to the entire leadership of the Engineering Academy of the PLA Armed Forces -- Armored Forces for the invitation to be able to be with you today. This is a particular privilege for me, because many years ago now, I had the opportunity, when I was in college, to go through what was called the ROTC program, which was the training that I received in order to become an officer in the United States Army. And coming to these schools always reminds me of that experience.
　　借此机会，我谨向中国人民解放军装甲兵部队工程学院的全体领导致以最诚挚的谢意，感谢你们的邀请，使我们今天能相聚于此。能来到贵校，我感到特别荣幸，因为多年前，当我在大学读书的时候，我就参加过预备役的训练，以便成为一名美国陆军军官。来到中国的军校，让我回忆起这段经历。
　　I also want to express my great appreciation to the Chinese people for their hospitality, for their kindness during my first trip to this country as the United States secretary of defense. Over the course of my time here in Beijing, I've had a series of very positive, productive, and candid exchanges with your military and civilian leaders, including a session with Vice President Xi just this morning.
　　同时，非常感谢中国人民在我作为美国国防部长首次访问中国期间给予的热情接待。在京期间，我与中国国家和军队领导人进行了一系列积极、坦诚、富有成果的交流。就在今天上午，我还与习副主席进行了会谈。
　　These interactions made it clear to me that the leaders of both of our countries are sincerely working towards the same goal: to build a sustained and substantive United States-China defense relationship that supports the broader United States-China cooperative partnership.
　　这些互动让我清楚地了解到，两国领导人正朝着一个共同的目标真诚地努力，即：构建持续性的、实质性的美中防务关系，为美中更广阔的合作伙伴关系提供支持。
　　This common effort is critical because, as two major powers, and as the world's two largest economies, a strong United States-China partnership will be essential for global security and prosperity in the 21st century.
　　这项共同努力极为关键，因为作为两个大国以及世界上两个最大的经济体，强大的美中合作伙伴关系对于21世纪的全球安全与繁荣至关重要。
　　For that reason, I am truly honored and delighted to speak to so many young PLA officers and cadets here today. One day, one day, it will be your responsibility to help carry the United States-China relationship forward into the future.
　　因此，我非常荣幸，也非常高兴能在这里与这么多的中国人民解放军军官和学员进行交流。有一天，你们将会肩负起责任，帮助美中关系走向未来。
　　A few months ago, I spoke to America's newest sailors and Marines at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis. The message I delivered to them is in many ways the same message that I want to give you today. And that message is that one of the keys to peace in the Asia-Pacific region is to build an enduring foundation for military-to-military relations between the United States and China.
　　几个月前，我在安纳波利斯的美国海军学院与美国新入伍的水兵和海军陆战队士兵进行了交流。我传达给他们的讯息与我今天想传达给你们的讯息在很多方面是一样的。那就是，在亚太地区保持和平的关键之一，就是为美中军事关系打下持久的基础。
　　That message is based on the belief that our relationship between our two countries holds long-term promise for both of our countries, for the Asia-Pacific region, and for the world. It is based on how much I have seen this relationship grow and transform in the course of my more than four decades in public service.
　　这一讯息建立在这样的信念之上，即我们之间的关系将在长期内为我们两国、亚太地区乃至全世界带来希望。它基于我在公共服务领域40多年来目睹的两国关系的长足发展和转变的历程。
　　As a young man, one of my earliest jobs was in the United States government, in the administration of President Richard Nixon. Forty years ago, 40 years ago last February, he traveled here to Beijing on an historic trip. It was called "the week that changed the world," a week when our two countries cast aside decades of fear, of division, and estrangement in favor of engagement. That trip set us on the course for the world we know today, a course where our two nations engage in a full range of diplomatic, economic, and security issues, and where our countries' common interests are growing.
　　年轻时，我最早做过的工作之一是在美国政府任职，即在理查德·尼克松总统领导的政府中任职。40年前的二月份，尼克松总统来到北京，对中国进行了历史性的访问。这次访问被称为“改变世界的一周”。在那一周里，我们两国摒弃了数十年的畏惧、分歧和隔阂，开始彼此交往。那次访问使我们走向今天所看到的这个世界。自那时起，我们两国在外交、经济及安全事务领域展开了全方位的交往，两国之间的共同利益持续增多。
　　Yet despite the distance -- the distance that we have traveled over the past 40 years, it is clear that this journey is not yet complete, particularly for our two militaries.
　　尽管过去40年我们走过了很远的路程，但很明显，这一征途并未结束，尤其对我们两军而言。
　　In the security realm, we often hear about suspicion and a lack of strategic trust instead of cooperation and engagement. We see the spotlight oftentimes placed on our areas of disagreement instead of the areas where we share common security interests and where there is the potential for us to work together in defense for those common interests.
　　在安全领域，我们经常听到怀疑和缺乏战略信任的声音，而不是合作和参与的声音。我们常常关注有分歧的领域，而不是聚焦有着共同安全利益以及为了捍卫这些共同利益有可能携手合作的领域。
　　We must be clear-eyed about the challenges and difficulties that we face as two major powers. We will not agree on every issue that comes before us, but we cannot let those disagreements and those challenges blind us to the great opportunities that exist. If we work together, if we cooperate together, we can solve problems together.
　　作为两个大国，我们面临着困难与挑战。对此，我们必须清楚地看到。我们不可能在所面临的每个问题上都看法一致，但是，我们不能因为分歧和挑战而看不到存在的巨大机会。只要我们共同努力，开展合作，我们就可以解决各种问题。
　　To do that, we need to focus on building confidence and understanding between our two defense establishments, enhancing the frequency and quality of our dialogue and establishing patterns of practical cooperation.
　　要做到这一点，我们需要专注于建立两国国防机构间的信任和理解，提高双方对话的频率和质量，建立务实的合作模式。
　　In that spirit of building trust, let me share with you today my thoughts on the role that the United States military wants to play in the Asia-Pacific region in the 21st century, and let me explain how I believe a constructive U.S.-China defense relationship complements that vision.
　　本着建立信任的精神，我想就美国军方21世纪希望在亚太地区扮演的角色与诸位分享我的看法。我也希望说明我为什么认为建设性的美中防务关系有助于实现这一愿景。
　　The broad United States strategy in the Asia-Pacific region is being driven by a simple reality: We recognize that, in the 21st century, America's future security and prosperity will be linked to the security and prosperity for Asia and it will be linked more than in any other region on Earth.
　　美国在亚太地区的广泛战略系基于一个简单的事实，即：我们认识到，在 21 世纪，美国未来的安全与繁荣与亚洲地区的安全与繁荣联系在一起，并且这种联系比与地球上其他任何地区的联系都要紧密。
　　This part of the world is home to many of the largest and most dynamic economies, and it is of growing importance to U.S. diplomats, to our economies, to our development interests, to our security interests. There are also clear threats to regional security, from terrorism to the prospect of natural disasters, from maritime security to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, from piracy to drug trafficking.
　　在这一地区诞生了许多最大最有活力的经济体，对于美国外交、美国经济、美国的发展援助以及美国安全利益而言，它越来越重要。这里也存在明显的地区安全威胁，从恐怖主义到可能的自然灾害、从海上安全到大规模杀伤性武器的扩散，从海盗到毒品走私。
　　In response to all of these trends and concerns, in response to these challenges and opportunities, we are increasing our focus and investment in the Asia Pacific across the United States government. We are doing so through expanded trade and economic ties, through increased diplomatic engagement, more development assistance, and through the rebalancing of our military forces, as well.
　　为了应对所有这些趋势和令人关切的问题，为了应对这些机遇与挑战，美国政府各个部门正加大对亚太地区的关注和投资。我们正在通过扩大经贸合作、增加外交参与、提供更多发展援助以及“再平衡”我们的军事力量来实现这一目标。
　　For the Department of Defense, that means that we are making this region a strategic priority as we begin to emerge from a decade of war.
　　对于国防部而言，这意味着，随着我们开始摆脱一场历时十年的战争，我们正把这个地区作为战略重点。
　　At a time when we are being forced to make reductions in other areas of our defense budget in order to meet our fiscal responsibilities, we have decided that we are going to enhance our historic role and work with others to strengthen security in the Asia-Pacific region. We will do so by increasing exercises and training with allies and partners and building new defense relationships with a whole range of countries in this region. We are also developing new approaches to military presence and posture across the Asia-Pacific region. We are making investments in the capabilities we need to operate and partner effectively.
　　目前，为了实现精简财政的目标，我们不得不在其他国防领域削减预算，但我们决定在亚太地区强化我们的历史作用，并与其他国家合作，共同加强这一地区的安全。通过增加与盟友及合作伙伴的演习和训练，以及与该地区的许多国家建立新的防务关系，我们将达到这一目标。对于整个亚太地区的军事存在和态势，我们也在制定新的方法。我们正在投资建立有效运作和合作所需的能力。
　　As one example, we are enhancing our defense missile capabilities in this region. Why? Let me make clear that it's only aimed solely at one threat, the threat from North Korea. It is no secret that the United States is deeply concerned about the threat of North Korean ballistic missiles striking our allies, striking the United States, striking our forward-deployed forces, striking our homeland.
　　例如，我们正在增强在这一地区的导弹防御能力。为什么？我需要明确指出，这只是为了应对一个威胁，即来自北韩的威胁。北韩的弹道导弹可能攻击我们的盟友、攻击美国、攻击我们的前沿部署部队、攻击我们的本土，对此一威胁美国深切关注，这一点并不是秘密。
　　Our cooperation with our allies in the region on ballistic missile defense is focused on a nation that has tested nuclear devices, continues to enrich uranium, and continues to test ballistic missiles. These actions are a direct threat to the security of Asia and to the security of the United States. These ballistic missile defense systems are designed to counter that threat and to foster greater peace and stability in this region.
　　我们与盟友在本地区的弹道导弹防御合作系针对一个国家，这个国家已经测试了核装置，目前继续进行铀浓缩活动，并继续测试弹道导弹。这些活动直接威胁亚洲的安全以及美国的安全。这些弹道导弹防御系统的目的就是为了对抗这一威胁，以促进本地区的和平与稳定。
　　Indeed, the entire purpose of our effort to focus on the Pacific is to help sustain the region's security and prosperity in the future. It is in our interest, it is your interest to have an Asia-Pacific region that is prosperous and that is secure.
　　实际上，我们侧重于太平洋地区的全部目的就是为了维持该地区未来的安全和繁荣。亚太地区的安全与繁荣既符合中国的利益，也符合美国的利益。
　　Our friends and partners throughout the region recognize that the United States military has a critical role to play in helping to achieve that goal in the 21st century because -- because of the profound role that we had in helping to foster security and prosperity in the 20th century.
　　我们的朋友和整个地区的合作伙伴都认识到，为了在21世纪帮助实现这个目标，美国军队需要发挥关键作用 -- 因为在20世纪里，我们在促进安全和繁荣方面发挥了重大的作用。
　　For more than six decades, the United States military presence has underwritten the peace and stability of the Western Pacific. America has fought wars and spilled precious blood to counter tyranny to support a system of rules and norms and institutions in Asia that eventually underpinned this region's transformation into an economic powerhouse that it represents today.
　　60多年来，美国的军事存在保证了西太平洋地区的和平与稳定。美国参与作战，流血牺牲，以抗击暴政，支持亚洲建立一个拥有高效的规则、规范和制度的体系，最终推动亚洲转变为目前这样一个在经济上极富活力的地区。
　　During my trips to the Asia-Pacific region over the past year, I've received very positive feedback from a number of countries that seek to enhance their own capabilities in order to strengthen this rules-based order in the future. We've made it very clear that our engagement will continue to be guided by our adherence to a set of basic principles, including the following: one, free and open commerce; two, a just international order that emphasizes the rights and responsibilities of nations and the fidelity to the rule of law; three, open access by all to the shared domains of sea and air and space and cyberspace; and, lastly, resolving disputes peacefully, without coercion or the use of force.
　　去年的亚太之行期间，我从许多国家获得非常积极的反馈，这些国家均寻求增强本国的能力，以便在未来强化这一基于规则的秩序。我们已经明确表示，美国会继续遵循如下基本原则参与亚太地区的事务：一，自由开放的商务；二，强调国家权利与责任并且坚持法治的公正的国际秩序；三，所有国家均可进入海洋、天空、太空、网络空间的共享区域；最后一点，和平解决争端，不诉诸胁迫或武力。
　　Many countries -- and many millions of people -- in this region have benefited from this rules-based order, and that includes China. China's extraordinary economic growth and its rise as a major power made it a key stakeholder in this system. Over the long term, I believe that it will benefit all of our nations and create opportunities for us to work together to achieve common objectives, particularly in areas like maritime security, humanitarian assistance, disaster relief, and peacekeeping.
　　本地区的许多国家和亿万人民已经从这一基于规则的秩序中受益，其中也包括中国。中国非凡的经济增长和其作为一个大国的崛起令中国成为此一体系中的一个关键利益相关者。我相信，该体系在长期内会使所有相关国家受益，并创造众多机遇，以便美中两国携手实现共同目标，特别是在海事安全、人道主义援助、救灾和维和等领域。
　　But these opportunities won't come to pass unless both of our nations -- and both of our militaries -- work together to seize these opportunities. That is why an essential element of our rebalancing effort is a constructive, bilateral relationship with China. And that is why I will continue to make it a priority for the Department of Defense to expand our defense dialogues, our defense exchanges with China.
　　但是这些机遇不会轻易出现，除非中美两国以及两国军队携手合作，共同抓住这些机遇。这正是我们把与中国保持建设性的双边关系作为“再平衡”的一个基本要素的原因所在，这也是我继续推动美国国防部优先扩大与中国的防务对话和防务交流的原因所在。
　　We are already seeing momentum building as a result of our renewed dialogue over the last year, not only in high-level visits, like General Liang's trip to the United States in May and my visit here this week, but in regular exchanges between our armed forces at all levels.
　　自从去年我们重新开始对话以来，不仅在高层互访领域——例如梁将军五月份访问美国和我本周访问中国——而且在中美两军各个级别的常规交流领域，我们均看到了良好的发展势头。
　　Earlier this week, United States and Chinese ships participated in a joint counter-piracy exercise in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia. This is an area of strategic and economic priority to both of our countries, and both the United States and China benefit from ensuring the free flow of commerce through the gulf. This exercise not only gave our two navies the opportunity to increase their capacity to confront the threat of piracy; it gave our sailors the experience of working alongside one another toward a common objective. These kinds of opportunities are invaluable when it comes to building trust between our two militaries.
　　本周初，中美两国舰艇在亚丁湾索马里沿海地区举行了反海盗联合军事演习。对中美两国而言这是一个重要的战略和经济领域，确保亚丁湾的航行自由会使中美两国受益。此次演习不仅能够为中美两国提供增强自身对抗海盗能力的机会，而且能够帮助两国海军积累携手实现共同目标的经验。鉴于其对中美两军建立互信所起到的作用，此类机会更显得弥足宝贵。
　　Therefore, it was my privilege, on behalf of the United States, to invite China to participate in the RIMPAC 2014 exercises. This is the world's largest multilateral naval exercise, held off the shores of Hawaii. I am committed to identifying additional opportunities for Chinese participation in multilateral exercises.
　　因此，我谨代表美国荣幸地邀请中国参加2014年度环太平洋联合军演。该军演是全世界最大规模的多边海军演习，在夏威夷沿海地区举行。我会致力于寻找更多机会，让中国军队参加多边演习。
　　The goal of this engagement is to build a military-to-military relationship that is healthy, that is stable, that's reliable, that's continuous, and that's transparent.
　　这次联合军演旨在建立健康、稳定、可靠、持续且透明的两军关系。
　　Our vision is for the type of substantive and sustained relationship that builds trust through cooperation. It makes steady progress over time in identifying areas of common interest. It builds channels of communication to improve understanding, manage disagreements effectively, and reduce the risk of miscalculation. Our goal is to make sure that no dispute or misunderstanding escalates into unwanted tensions or conflict.
　　我们的愿景是通过合作建立信任，从而形成具有实质意义的持久关系。随着时间的推移，它将在确定共同利益领域方面取得稳步进展。它将建立增进理解、有效管理分歧以及减少误判风险的沟通渠道。我们的目标是确保任何纠纷或误解不会升级为我们不愿看到的紧张局势和冲突。
　　Ultimately, any strategy that aims to sustain the security and prosperity of the Asia-Pacific region will be judged by whether we can achieve long-term progress in the United States-China relationship.
　　最终，任何旨在保持亚太地区安全和繁荣的战略都将由我们是否能够在美中关系方面取得长期进展来检验。
　　Now, there are some who see the United States' focus on the Pacific in a different way. They see global security in terms of a zero-sum game, where China's rise will inevitably put it into conflict with the United States.
　　现在，有些人从不同的角度来解读美国聚焦太平洋的战略。他们认为全球安全是一场零和游戏，即中国的崛起将不可避免地使之与美国发生冲突。
　　That view was rejected by President Hu and by President Obama. It is not what our new defense strategy is all about.
　　胡主席和奥巴马总统均反对这种观点。这不是我们的新防务战略的目标。
　　Our rebalance to the Asia-Pacific region is not an attempt to contain China. It is an attempt to engage China and expand its role in the Pacific. It's about creating a new model in the relationship of our two Pacific powers. It's about renewing and revitalizing our role in a part of the world that is rapidly becoming more critical to our economic, diplomatic, and security interests. And as I've made clear, essential to all of these goals -- essential to these goals is a constructive military-to-military relationship with China.
　　我们在亚太地区的“再平衡”措施并不是试图遏制中国，而是试图与中国接触并扩大中国在亚太地区的作用。这关系到在我们两个太平洋大国之间创建一种新型关系，关系到在这个对我们的经济、外交和安全利益日益重要的地区重新发挥和增强我们的作用。正如我所申明，实现所有这些目标的一个要素是与中国形成建设性的两军关系。
　　Let me conclude by noting that, like many Americans, I admire the transformation that China has succeeded in accomplishing over the past decades. I admire all of you for your willingness to serve your nation.
　　最后，我想要说，像很多美国人一样，我非常钦佩中国在过去几十年取得的巨大变化。我钦佩你们每一个人为国家服务的意愿。
　　China's rise has brought millions out of poverty and helped to make the world a more prosperous place. I believe that it can also make the world a more secure place. If we work together -- if we work together to build an enduring foundation for military-to-military relations between the United States and China, we can achieve greater prosperity and security in the Asia-Pacific region.
　　中国的崛起已经使亿万民众摆脱了贫穷，并且使我们的世界变得更加繁荣。我相信这也能够使我们的世界变得更为安全。只要我们齐心协力，为美中两军的关系打下坚实的基础，我们就能在亚太地区实现更广泛的繁荣与安全。
　　Forty years ago, bold leaders who recognized the mutual benefits of cooperation came together to seize these opportunities, and they changed the direction of history in the 20th century. It is now up to us to help ensure that we continue to move in the same direction, towards more cooperation and towards a better and safer future for our children.
　　四十年前，我们充满魄力的领导人意识到合作可以互惠互利，他们汇聚一堂，抓住机遇，改变了20世纪的历史方向。现在，我们有责任确保历史继续朝着同一个方向前进，进行更广泛的合作，为我们的后代争取一个更好更安全的未来。
　　My parents were immigrants to the United States and came to America like millions of other immigrants. And the reason they came is because they believed in the American dream of giving their children a better life. They believed that they could give their children a better life. That is not just the American dream. It is China's dream, as well.
　　我的父母也是移民，就像成千上万的其他移民一样来到美国。他们移民美国是因为他们相信这样可以为孩子们创造更好的生活，他们相信他们能够实现这个美国梦。这不仅仅是美国梦，这也是中国梦。
　　It will happen with a strong and constructive relationship between China and the United States. A prosperous and secure Asia-Pacific region is, indeed, the fulfillment of that dream.
　　在中美之间建立紧密且具有建设性的关系，这个梦想就会实现，而亚太地区的繁荣与安全实际上也是这个梦想的体现。
　　Thank you for having me here today.
　　感谢你们邀请我来这里演讲。