一、名词、动名词前增补动词

　　1. We often go to the school-run factory for labor.

　　2. Testing is a complicated problem and long experience is required for its mastery.

　　二、英语抽象名词的翻译

　　1. He was still reluctant to talk substance.

　　2. Many changes take place during the transformation.

　　3. Her indifference kept all the visitors away from the exhibition hall.

　　4. From the evaporation of water people know that liquid can turn into gases under certain conditions.

　　三、将具体形象的词译成该形象所具有的属性和特征，这是一种引申，需增词

　　1. It was a Godsend to him.

　　2. If you dare to play the fox with me, I’ll shoot you at once.

　　四、增添“概括”性的词

　　1. He had slept there before, in July and again in October.

　　2. Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health.

　　3. The government is doing its best to ease the tension in that area.

　　4. Proteins are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.

　　5. This report summed up the achievements in technology and education.

　　五、英文中为避免重复而省略之词，汉译时需补上，作必要的重复

　　1. I hope that the meeting will not be too long, for it will only waste time.

　　六、汉译文根据原文意思增加一些必要的解释性文字

　　1. And he launched into a speech, eloquently advocating his university of the future.

　　2. Those were the words that were to make the world blossom for, “like Aaron’s rod, with flowers”.

　　七、增补量词

　　1. Repeat the experiment using a wooden ruler, a piece of glass, a metal spoon, a coin, a piece of paper, a pin, a plastic comb, a key, a pencil, a tin lid and a rubber eraser.

　　2. On April 24th 1970, China successfully launched its first man-made earth satellite.

　　八、增补表示复数含义的词

　　1. But that the old workers helped us, we should have failed.

　　2. The moving parts of a machine are often oiled so that friction may be greatly reduced.