为了帮助考生系统的复习2012年ACCA考试课程全面的了解ACCA考试教材的相关重点，小编特编辑汇总了2012年ACCA考试辅导资料，希望对您参加本次考试有所帮助！

objective A goal.

objectivity The internal auditors' objectivity depends on the organizational status of the internal audit function, whether the internal auditor has direct access and reports regularly to the board, the audit committee, or owner-manager, and who oversees internal auditor employment decisions.

obligations Assertions about obligations deal with whether liabilities are obligations of the entity at a given date. For example, management asserts that amounts capitalized for leases in the balance sheet represent the cost of the entity's rights to leased property and that the corresponding lease liability represents an obligation of the entity.

obliterate To do away with something so as to leave no trace.

observe (observation) Watch and test a client action (such as taking inventory).

occurrence Assertions about occurrence deal with whether recorded transactions have occurred during a given period. For example, management asserts that sales in the income statement represent the exchange of goods or services with customers for cash or other consideration.

online Access to a computer for immediate processing without having to wait for a batch of transactions to be processed at a later time.

operating effectiveness How an internal control was applied, the consistency with which it was applied, and by whom.

operating income from continuing operations is reported on an income statement.

opinion A CPA's conclusion held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof.

opinion paragraph The paragraph in the audit report that expresses the auditor's conclusions. The wording of the standard, unqualified opinion paragraph is: "In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of XYZ Company at December 31, year A, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles."

overall review The objective of the overall review stage of the audit is to assist the auditor in assessing conclusions reached and in evaluation of the overall financial statement presentation. The overall review includes reading the financial statements and notes and considering the adequacy of evidence gathered in response to unusual or unexpected balances. Results of an overall review may indicate the need for additional evidence.