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2.7 The Magistrates Court (mainly criminal but also civil jurisdiction):

(a) Personnel:

– Magistrates (Justices of the Peace) – lay persons selected from a panel by the Lord Chancellor

– Circuit Judges – paid ‘professional magistrates’

– Magistrates Court Clerks

(b) Jurisdiction:

– Deals with summary offences and also has some civil jurisdiction

– Committal proceedings (in re: indictable offences)

– Some family jurisdiction

– Debt collection for public utilities, council tax

– Control licences for selling liquor in their area

2.8 Tribunals (e.g. Employment, Rent, Land, Transport Tribunals):

(a) Advantages:

– reduce workload on the courts

– greater informality

– cheap and quick

– expertise of tribunal members

(b) Disadvantages:

– reasons for decisions do not always have to be given

– no right of appeal in many cases

– judges have wider powers/wider remedies.