Rising Chinese labour costs are changing the economics of global manufacturing and could contribute to the creation of 3m jobs in the US by 2020, according to a study being released on Friday.

　　周五发布的一份报告称，中国劳动力成本持续上涨正在改变全球制造业的经济格局，在2020年前可能为美国创造300万个就业机会。

　　The Boston Consulting Group analysis says the new jobs will be generated by a “re-shoring” of manufacturing activity lost to China over the past decade.

　　波士顿咨询集团(Boston Consulting Group)的这份报告称，过去十年间流向中国的制造业活动将开始“回流”，从而增加美国的就业。

　　“Re-shoring is part of a broad trend that will emerge as ... production gradually swings back to the US,” Hal Sirkin, a senior partner at the consultancy, told the Financial Times.

　　该咨询机构高级合伙人哈尔?西尔金(Hal Sirkin)向英国《金融时报》表示：“随着生产逐渐转移回美国，回流将成为未来一个广泛趋势的组成部分。”

　　The Boston Consulting Group estimates that the trend could cut the US’s merchandise trade deficit with the rest of the world, excluding oil, from $360bn in 2010 to about $260bn by the end of the decade. The shift would also reduce its soaring deficit with China, which reached $273bn in 2010 and has triggered an intense political controversy over China’s exchange rate policies.

　　波士顿咨询集团估计，在2020年之前，这一趋势将导致美国商品贸易逆差从2010年的3600亿美元，收窄至2600亿美元左右。美中之间持续扩大的逆差也将随之收窄。2010年，美中贸易逆差达2730亿美元，引发了一场围绕中国汇率政策的激烈政治争议。

　　“While Chinese labour costs are rising, US competitiveness has been improving,” says Mei Xu, the Chinese-born co-owner of Chesapeake Bay Candle, which makes candles and other home fragrance products. “We can invest in automation to make our candles in a factory near Baltimore for a similar cost to doing the same job in China.”

　　千诗碧可(Chesapeake Bay Candle)是一家生产蜡烛及其他家用香薰产品的公司，在中国出生的徐梅是该公司的老板之一。徐梅表示：“中国劳动力成本正在上涨，而美国的竞争力则在不断改善。在巴尔的摩附近进行蜡烛自动化生产，成本与在中国大致相当。”